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Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris

Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris, widely recognized as Le Corbusier, was a Swiss architect, urban planner, designer, painter, sculptor, and author, born on October 6, 1887, in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. He became a naturalized French citizen and passed away on August 27, 1965, in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France. As a pivotal figure in the modern architectural movement, Le Corbusier's innovative ideas and philosophies reshaped urban design.

After relocating to Paris in 1917, he co-founded the influential art and architecture magazine *Esprit Nouveau*, adopting the pseudonym Le Corbusier. His seminal texts, including *Vers Une Architecture* (1923) and *Urbanisme* (1924), detailed his architectural theories, merging aesthetic appeal with functional design. He actively participated in the International Congresses of Modern Architecture starting in 1928 and contributed significantly to the Athens Charter, advocating for architecture that addressed social needs and urban life.

One of his key contributions was the "Habitation Unit," a concept he pioneered in the 1920s, which redefined collective housing. Notably, the Cité Radieuse in Marseille became a landmark example of this vision. In the 1930s, Le Corbusier's exploration of Algeria and its architecture influenced his later works, including the Chapel of Ronchamp (1955).

His global impact extended to India, where he designed key government buildings in Chandigarh. Le Corbusier's legacy was cemented on July 17, 2016, when 17 of his architectural sites were designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. In 2019, a cultural itinerary, “Le Corbusier Destinations: Architectural Walks,” was launched to celebrate his enduring influence.

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